Chapter 7 Section 2


Natural Logarithmic Function

  x > 0

 

ln x is the area under the hyperbola y = 1 from t = 1 to t = x for x = 1                                         


 

 

 


For 0 < x < 1

 

 

Part 1 of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus:

   so… 

 

 

*use these in order to expand logarithmic equations and expressing the equation as a single logarithm.

 
Laws of Logarithms:

 

Example #1

Expanding Logarithmic Equations:

 

Example #2

Expressing Logarithmic Equations Logarithm:

 

 

 

 

IMPORTANT FACT:

AND

 
In order to graph y = ln(x)

 

  AND

                     

 

In order to differentiate ln(u) you must use the chain rule.

*Remember, the chain rule differentiates with respect to u and then multiplies by the derivative of u with respect to x.

 

Example:               

 

 

 

                     

 

Some Links they may HELP you:

For Fundamental Thereom of Calculus:

http://archives.math.utk.edu/visual.calculus/4/ftc.9/

http://www.ies.co.jp/math/java/calc/perime/perime.html

http://www.math.hmc.edu/calculus/tutorials/fundamental_thm/